PAKISTAN’s cultural wealth represents the country’s huge untapped potential for tourism and diplomacy. An exhibition themed ‘Respecting Diverse Civilisations, Pursuing Common Development’, aligned with the upcoming summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, is set to open in Beijing. As one of the nine member states of the SCO, Pakistan has sent 10 artefacts spanning a range of historical eras — from Mehrgarh to Mohenjodaro and more. The objects include a female terracotta figurine from 3500-3000 BCE, a 2800-2700 BCE painted pot, a 1800-1600 BCE horse statue, a Buddha head, and a Jain ritual tank from 600-200 BCE. While the 5000 BCE steatite Indus seal is the most ancient relic, the third-fourth century BCE Apalala Jataka stone panel, with the Buddha ordering Naga Apalala to halt the overflowing Swat river, is perhaps the pièce de résistance.

Unfortunately, the idea of economic diversification by capitalising on a unique inheritance eludes Pakistan. Vast reserves of cultural assets have, over the years, been lost to smuggling, theft and the elements. Experts claim that the pillage can be attributed to a strong nexus between smuggling networks and influential quarters, ignorance among rural communities and tribal hostilities. Even museums in urban centres are in a shambles. It is time the ruling elite woke up to the gains from unlocking heritage and culture tourism through preservation, infrastructural investment — transport, tour guides, security, accommodation and other tourism services —marketing, security and international partnerships. This will inspire local communities, generate employment, help boost a sinking economy and open new diplomatic channels. We must not lose sight of the lethal consequences of unguarded, undocumented and underdeveloped vestiges — smuggling, which not only benefits racketeers but also funds terror outfits. The power of heritage and customs changes narratives, transforms society and promotes diversity and unity.

Published in Dawn, August 26th, 2025