India needs more jobs for women to boost growth: World Bank
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NEW DELHI: India must reverse a trend of falling women’s participation in the job market if it is to achieve its ambition of double-digit growth, the World Bank said on Monday.
India is the world’s fastest growing major economy, but has one of the lowest rates of female employment, a trend that has worsened over the last decade.
The World Bank in its latest report said just 27 per cent of Indian women were working or actively looking for a job, a matter of “serious concern” that was holding back economic growth.
“(A) higher level of women participation in the economy can help propel India closer to double digit growth,” said country director Junaid Ahmad.
The bank said the fundamentals of India’s economy remained strong and the impact of last year’s shock move to take most of the country’s currency out of circulation had been limited.
Inflation remained under control and a strong monsoon last year had boosted agriculture and rural consumption, it said, estimating growth at 6.8pc for the financial year ended March 31 2017.
The government will release its official growth figures for that period on Wednesday.
Just 27pc of women were working or actively looking for a job, says the report
The World Bank report said a new national goods and services tax due to be introduced on July 1 would “yield substantial growth dividends from higher efficiencies” and increase state revenues in the long term.
But it warned India needed to create jobs for the large number of women currently not in the labour market.
“India’s female labour force participation rate is uniquely low for all levels of education,” said senior World Bank economist Frederico Gil Sander.
“Sixty five per cent of Indian women with college degrees are not working, whereas in Bangladesh 41pc and in Indonesia and Brazil only 25pc of women graduates are not working.” Female participation in India’s workforce has declined since 2007, particularly in rural areas.
That is partly because they are staying in education for longer, but even college-educated women are staying out of the workplace — just 34pc of those with a degree are working, the bank said.
Urbanisation has also contributed to the trend because women living in cities are less likely to be in paid work than those in rural areas, where farming provides employment.
Published in Dawn, May 30th, 2017
