THATTA: Foreign and local experts at a workshop agree on urgent need for formulating robust conservation strategies to protect Makli Necropolis from growing threats posed by natural disasters, environmental degradation and relentless erosion.

Leading conservationists, Dr Rand Eppich, Ayesha Agha, Dr Cristina Menegazzi, Abdul Fatah Shaikh, archaeologist Sarfaraz Jatoi, Syed Ghayoor Shah and Tania Ali stressed on proactive measures to safeguard the invaluable archaeological treasures.

The workshop was part of “Emergency Conservation of Historic Monuments of Makli, Thatta World Heritage Property” project initiated by Unesco in collaboration with the Netherlands Funds-in-Trust (NFiT) following significant damage to landmarks from unpredictable climate events. The project aims to conserve tomb of Shaikh Jiyo and an unknown tomb of Samma period.

Dr Eppich, a distinguished conservation architect, stressed the intricate challenges of preserving a vast historical landscape like Makli, which was listed on Unesco’s World Heritage Sites. “Makli is a living testament to centuries past, constantly facing environmental shifts and human impact,” he stated.

“Our conservation approach demands a holistic perspective, considering the structural integrity alongside broader ecological context and the vital role of local community,” he said.

He detailed the meticulous processes of material analysis and the necessity for rigorous documentation to underpin effective and authentic conservation plans.

Ayesha Agha, an authority on conservation of architectural heritage from Bahrain, underscored the fundamental principles guiding ethical restoration.

Advocating minimal intervention and respect for original materials, she advised: “The true essence of a heritage site lies not only in its physical form but also in its historical narrative and cultural significance. Our conservation endeavors must aim to preserve this comprehensive authenticity, ensuring its legacy for generations to come.”

Sarfaraz Jatoi, providing critical local expertise, highlighted tangible impacts of climate change on the necropolis, including intensified rainfall and flooding that had damaged numerous tombs.

The workshop concluded with a renewed sense of urgency and a resolve to ensure the long-term survival of this unique world heritage site through sustained efforts, international cooperation and strong community involvement.

Published in Dawn, May 15th, 2025