Democrats won major Senate races in the US states of North Carolina and Georgia, media projections showed, but it remained unclear whether the party would succeed in wresting control of the chamber from President Donald Trump’s Republicans with millions of votes still uncounted in Tuesday’s midterm elections.

In North Carolina, former governor Roy Cooper easily defeated Trump-backed Republican Michael Whatley to win a Republican-held seat, media outlets projected, giving Democrats one of the four net pickups they need to win a majority.

Projections also showed that Democratic Senator Jon Ossoff — who is widely seen as a potential 2028 presidential candidate — defeated US Representative Mike Collins in Georgia in a contest that was once considered competitive but moved out of reach for Republicans amid Trump’s declining approval ratings.

Democrat Keisha Lance Bottoms, a former mayor of Atlanta, on Tuesday was elected governor of the state of Georgia, becoming the first Black woman elected to that office in the US, media projections showed.

CNN and NBC News called the race in her favour.

Bottoms defeated billionaire health care executive Rick Jackson, who ran as a Republican. Current Governor Brian Kemp is term-limited and could not run again.

In New Hampshire, Democrat Chris Pappas was projected to have kept the state’s open Senate seat in Democratic hands, defeating Republican John Sununu.

In Florida, Republican Senator Ashley Moody fended off Democrat Angie Nixon but was ahead by only about three percentage points in a state Trump carried by 13 points in 2024, according to a vote count compiled by Reuters and USA Today, which are partnering this year to collect live election results.

Democrats held onto three House districts in Florida that Republican lawmakers had redrawn earlier this year, all of which backed Trump by at least nine percentage points.

As of 9pm ET (0200 GMT), votes in most of the races expected to be decisive in the House and Senate were still being tallied.

Democrats were favoured to win the House, while the Senate battle was unfolding across several closely contested states. Democrats need to net three House seats to take over the chamber.

According to exit polls conducted by SSRS on behalf of a consortium of US media outlets including major television networks and the Associated Press, half of voters nationwide said they saw the 2026 midterm elections as an opportunity to rebuke the president, and three-quarters said they are “angry” or “dissatisfied” with the way the country is headed.

In addition, 70 per cent of voters surveyed said they want Congress to provide more checks and balances on the president.

Democrats were favoured to win the House, while the Senate battle was unfolding across several closely contested states, as millions of Americans cast ballots in an election that served as a referendum on the first two years of Trump’s second term. Trump himself told his supporters to “pretend I’m on the ballot.”

History is against Republicans: the sitting president’s party has lost ground in Congress in all but two midterms since World War Two. Trump’s approval rating is hovering near his career lows, with voters frustrated by war on Iran, higher fuel prices and wider affordability concerns.

Led by Trump, Republicans have portrayed Democratic candidates as radical, un-American and even communist, labels Democrats flatly reject.

The president has sought to energise his base with more than two dozen campaign rallies since the start of October, most in states he easily won in 2024, underscoring Republicans’ defensive posture.

Opinion polls show voters are most concerned about affordability and disapprove of Trump’s handling of the issue. His tariffs on imports, many of which the courts threw out, and his decision to attack Iran in February raised prices for consumers.

Trump deploys election monitors

There are 47 US House races widely seen as competitive, according to a Reuters analysis of the leading election forecasters. If the other contests all proceed as predicted, Democrats would need to win only 13 of those races to secure a majority.

But Democrats have little margin for error in the Senate. The party must defend all of its current seats while winning at least two states that voted for Trump by a double-digit margin two years ago, such as Alaska, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Ohio, South Carolina and Texas.

Opinion polls show Democrats either narrowly leading or within striking distance in all of those states.

Legal observers and Democrats have warned that Trump, who has long falsely claimed that US elections are rigged, may attempt to challenge Tuesday’s results if Republicans lose.

The US Justice Department said it had deployed 1,000 election monitors and observers to all 50 states in what it called the largest Election Day monitoring effort in history.

Democrats criticised the plan as potential voter intimidation. In roughly two-thirds of the jurisdictions the department listed, voters supported Democrat Kamala Harris over Trump in the 2024 presidential election, a Reuters analysis found.

Election intrigue in Alaska

A New York Times report upended the Alaska Senate race when it reported that the campaign of Democratic candidate Mary Peltola, 53, helped recruit a third candidate to run as an independent who shares the first and last name of her Republican opponent, Dan Sullivan, 61.

Peltola has denied involvement. Trump’s Justice Department has launched a criminal probe into the allegations and filed a lawsuit to block certification of the election results, though a judge dismissed the latter effort.

Supporters of the incumbent Sullivan said they were not confused by the presence of two Dan Sullivans on the ballot.

“They make it pretty obvious: It says ‘incumbent’ after his name,” said Jake Wesley, 27, who grew up in Anchorage and is now stationed there in the US Air Force.

In recent days, Trump has complained repeatedly that voters may not know the meaning of the word.