KARACHI: The Dr A.Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE) at the University of Karachi has completed the full genome sequencing of the country’s valuable indigenous breed, Red Sindhi cattle.

This achievement is a significant breakthrough for infection control, disease prevention, and improving livestock productivity.

The project was completed under the Postdoctoral Fellowship Programme, Phase I, of the Sindh Higher Education Commission. The research was carried out by Postdoctoral Fellow Dr Roohi Kanwal under the supervision of Professor Dr Saima Saleem, while Dr Nazir Hussain Kalhoro, Director of the Sindh Institute of Animal Health, also collaborated.

During the research, the complete genomic characteristics of the virus obtained from animals infected with Lumpy Skin Disease were also studied, which helped in understanding the biological interactions between host and virus.

This is the first successful attempt of its kind through which the complete genetic blueprint of Red Sindhi cattle has been compiled. According to Prof Dr Saima Saleem, it will open new research pathways in modern breeding, disease resistance, and increasing milk and meat production. Scientists associated with the project have termed this achievement a major step towards modernising Pakistan’s livestock industry through genomic science.

The Red Sindhi breed of cattle holds a key position in the rural economy across Sindh and the country due to its adaptation to harsh climatic conditions, high milk yield capacity, and natural resistance against local diseases. However, until now, limited genetic information has posed challenges in further improving their traits on modern scientific grounds.

The research team analysed the complete genome using Next Generation Sequencing technology, during which important genes related to milk production, heat tolerance, and immunity were identified.

According to experts, this information will enable more effective selection of animals with superior traits and reduce reliance on traditional trial-and-error breeding methods.

Published in Dawn, June 9th, 2026