COAL mining remains a critical industry in Pakistan, providing employment to thousands and contributing significantly to the country’s energy needs. However, this economic contribution comes at a high human cost.

Hundreds of miners lose their lives or suffer permanent injuries every year. This is primarily becasue of the sheer absence of safety apparatus, inadequate emergency response systems, and the unavailability of medical facilities on-site. Despite repeated incidents inthe past, no significant efforts have been made to address these glaring deficiencies.

One of the primary reasons for these tragedies is the failure to adopt and implement national safety rules and international safety standards.

Pakistan has yet to ratify key Intern-ational Labour Organisation (ILO) conventions on mine safety despite persistent calls from trade unions and international organisations. This lack of commitment leaves miners exposed to avoidable risks.

The consequences of these systemic failures are far-reaching. Families of victims are often plunged into financial ruin, as miners are typically the sole breadwinners of their respective families.

The emotional and psychological toll on these families is immeasurable. Furthermore, the industry’s reputation suffers, potentially discouraging foreign investment and collaborations that could bring much-needed modernisation and safety improvements.

The government must enforce stringent safety regulations and penalise violations without exception. Investments in modern equipment are critically needed to create safer working environments. Additionally, mandatory training programmes should be introduced to educate miners and mine-owners on safety protocols and emergency responses.

Ratifying ILO conventions and estab-lishing welfare schemes for miners and their families can provide a safety net in the event of unforeseen accidents.

Addressing the challenges requires political will, corporate responsibility, and a commitment to prioritising human lives over profits.

Until these changes are implemented, the lives of Pakistan’s miners will continue to hang in the balance, and the cycle of preventable tragedies will persist.

Engr Hussain Ahmad Siddiqui
Islamabad

Published in Dawn, March 17th, 2025