SWAT: A joint team of Italian and Pakistani archaeologists, along with students of Pakistani universities, has discovered a treasure trove of ancient artefacts including coins, utensils and scriptures at the Buddhist sanctuary of Butkara near Mingora.

This important discovery was made during a recent excavation campaign led by Dr Elisa Iori, an assistant professor at University of Venice and deputy director of Italian Archaeological Mission in Swat.

Among the significant finds was an amulet shaped like a foot, inscribed with Kharosthi language. The amulet was discovered at the site, adding a fascinating layer to the historical understanding of the area.

In addition to the amulet, the team uncovered Saka Parthian-era coins dating back to the first century CE, as well as artefacts from the Mauryan dynasty.

Experts say it will enhance understanding about the region’s heritage

These findings suggest that the Butkara sanctuary, which was built in the third century BCE during the Mauryan dynasty, was an important Buddhist sacred site.

Archaeologists have also uncovered a layer that corresponds to the first stupa of the sanctuary, shedding new light on the structure’s historical development. Furthermore, a layer confirming a flood event in the Jambil stream was unearthed, offering crucial insights into the region’s ancient environmental conditions.

Dr Iori expressed optimism that the ongoing excavation campaign would continue to yield more valuable information and discoveries. “Our work is far from over, and we are hopeful that further excavations will reveal additional key findings,” she said.

Zainab Sabri, an MPhil scholar from Punjab University and a member of the excavation team, shared her excitement about the opportunity to work at Butkara 1. Having recently completed her MPhil research on Gandhara Art, Sabri described the experience as a dream come true.

“Taking part in the live excavation has provided us with invaluable knowledge and enhanced our skills. Such opportunities are essential for students. I am grateful to the Italian mission for offering us this chance,” she said.

Nasir Khattak from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Archaeology Department highlighted the department’s active role in supporting the excavation efforts. “I have been personally involved in documenting the findings and artefacts. I am thrilled that we have uncovered significant structures in our recent excavations,” he added.

The Butkara 1 site, known for its association with Gandharan art, continues to be a focal point for archaeological research. This latest campaign is expected to further enhance archaeologists’ understanding of the region’s rich historical and cultural heritage.

Published in Dawn, February 14th, 2025