Elon Musk on Monday warned that he might walk away from his $44 billion offer to acquire Twitter Inc if the social media network failed to provide data on spam and fake accounts.

In a letter to Twitter, the billionaire reiterated his request for details on bot accounts and said he reserved all rights to terminate the merger as the company was in a “clear material breach” of its obligations by not providing him with the information.

Twitter shares fell as much as 5.6 per cent to $37.92 and were trading at a steep discount to Musk's offer of $54.20 per share, suggesting that investors did not expect the deal to close at the agreed price. They were last down 2.7pc.

“Twitter has and will continue to cooperatively share information with Musk to consummate the transaction in accordance with the terms of the merger agreement,” the company said in a statement.

Read: Elon Musk and the Twitter buyout

Twitter added Musk put the deal “temporarily on hold” in mid-May, saying he will not move forward with the offer until Twitter showed proof that spam bots account for less than five per cent of its total users.

Since then, the takeover saga has seen several twists and turns, raising questions about Musk's intentions to complete the deal at the set price.

Although Musk has extensively used the social media platform to air his views on the deal and the company, this is the first time that he has formally threatened to walk away.

“It's fairly obvious that he has buyer's remorse and he is trying whatever to get a reduction in price, and I think he may succeed,” said Dennis Dick, a proprietary trader at Bright Trading LLC.

“You can see the sell-off in social media stocks and he has realised that he overpaid [...] all these are tactics just to get a reduction in price.”

Musk has questioned the accuracy of Twitter's public filings about spam accounts, claiming they must be at least 20pc of the user base.

Twitter has disagreed, with Chief Executive Parag Agrawal providing details on how the company handles spam accounts in one of his recent tweets.

A self-proclaimed free-speech absolutist, Musk has said one of his priorities will be to remove “spam bots” from the platform.

The Tesla Inc CEO owns 9.6pc of Twitter and has over 95 million followers on the network.

As part of the deal, Musk is contractually obligated to pay a $1 billion breakup fee — a sliver of his fortune of $219m estimated by Forbes — if he does not complete the deal.

Twitter can sue for “specific performance” to force Musk to complete the deal and obtain a settlement from him as a result.

In his letter, Musk said he needed the data to conduct his own analysis of Twitter users and did not believe in the company's "lax testing methodologies".

“He is trying to walk away from the Twitter deal, this is the first shot across the bow,” Wedbush analyst Dan Ives said.

Musk has lined up several high-profile investors, including Saudi Arabian investor Prince Alwaleed bin Talal and Sequoia Capital, to fund the deal.