Corruption-plagued EU member Bulgaria was under pressure on Monday to find the killer of a television journalist whose brutal murder at the weekend has shocked the country and sparked international condemnation.

The body of 30-year-old Viktoria Marinova — who presented a current affairs talk programme called “Detector” for the small private TVN television in the northern town of Ruse — was found on Saturday.

“All leads are being looked at” in the investigation including possible links to Marinova's professional activity, chief prosecutor Sotir Tsatsarov said on Monday.

Authorities earlier revealed that Marinova had been killed by blows to the head and from suffocation, and had also been raped.

“We are in shock. In no way, under any form, never have we received any threats — aimed at her or the television,” a journalist from Marinova's own TVN told AFP on condition of anonymity Sunday, adding that he and his colleagues feared for their safety.

Unesco chief Audrey Azoulay condemned the murder, saying: “The use of sexual and physical abuse to silence a woman journalist is an outrage against the dignity and basic human rights of every woman.”

In a statement from the UN cultural agency's headquarters in Paris, Azoulay added: “Attacks on journalists erode the fundamental human right to freedom of expression and its corollaries, press freedom and free access to information.”

Marinova is the third journalist to be murdered in Europe this year after Jan Kuciak in Slovakia in February and Daphne Caruana Galizia in Malta in October 2017.

Bulgaria is regarded as a laggard in the EU in matters of press freedom, ranking 111th out of a total 180 in this area, according to Reporters Without Borders (RSF).

“Shocked by the horrendous murder of Victoria Marinova. Again a courageous journalist falls in the fight for truth and against corruption,” the EU Commission's vice president Frans Timmermans tweeted late Sunday.

'A warning'?

Condolences poured in on social media for Marinova, who leaves behind a small child. Candlelight vigils will be held Monday evening in both Ruse and the capital Sofia.

Some observers believe the murder could be linked to Marinova's work.

The first episode of her programme, aired on September 30, featured an investigation into fraud allegations against oligarchs and politicians.

She interviewed the reporters behind the probe, investigative journalists Dimitar Stoyanov from the Bivol.bg website and Attila Biro from the Romanian Rise Project.

Bivol.bg owner Asen Yordanov told AFP that “Viktoria's death, the brutal manner in which she was killed, is an execution. It was meant to serve as an example, something like a warning.” The crime has sparked international outcry, with condemnation from the OSCE and the Committee to Protect Journalists.

In Bulgaria, however, national TV networks gave scant airtime to the case.

And even some of Marinova's fellow journalists were not convinced that she was killed because of her reporting.

“The country has a bad image with regard to press freedom, but it's possible that there is no link to this case,” said Svetoslav Terziev, opposition media analyst and journalism teacher.