Pope Francis asked for forgiveness on Friday from refugees in Bangladesh for all the hurt and persecution they have endured, demanded their rights be recognised and pronounced the word he had so assiduously avoided only days earlier in Myanmar: “Rohingya.”

In a deeply moving encounter, Francis greeted and blessed a group of Rohingya Muslim refugees, grasping their hands and listening to their stories in a show of public solidarity amid Asia's worst refugee crisis in decades.

He apologised for the “indifference of the world” to their plight and then pronounced the name of their ethnic group to a gathering of Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu and Christian leaders.

“The presence of God today is also called 'Rohingya,'” he said.

The 16 Rohingya — 12 men, two women and two young girls — had travelled to Dhaka from Cox's Bazar, the district bordering Myanmar where refugee camps are overflowing with more than 620,000 Rohingya who have fled what the UN says is a campaign of ethnic cleansing by Myanmar's military.

The campaign has included the burning of Rohingya villages and fleeing Rohingya have described rape and shootings by Myanmar soldiers and Buddhist mobs that left them no option but to make the dangerous and sometimes deadly journey through jungles and by sea to Bangladesh.

The Myanmar government has denied any such campaign is underway. The army says “clearance operations” are targeting militants who attacked security positions in August.

Myanmar's government and most of the Buddhist majority recoil from the term “Rohingya,” saying the members of the Muslim minority are “Bengalis” who migrated illegally from Bangladesh.

Myanmar doesn't acknowledge them as a local ethnic group and won't give them citizenship, even though they have lived in Myanmar for generations.

One by one, each one of the refugees approached the pope at the end of Friday's event in the tented garden of the Dhaka archbishop's residence.

Francis blessed one little girl, placing his hand on her head, and grasped the shoulder of a young man.

“Maybe we can't do much for you, but your tragedy has a place in our hearts,” Francis told them.

His voice trembling with emotion, he continued: “In the name of all those who persecute you, who have persecuted you, and those who have hurt you, above all in the indifference of the world, I ask you for forgiveness. Forgiveness.”

Citing the “big heart” of Bangladesh that welcomed them in, Francis said: “Now I appeal to your big hearts, that you are able to grant us the forgiveness that we seek.”

He called for continued aid for the refugees, and continued advocacy “so that their rights are recognised.”

“We won't close our hearts. We won't look away,” he said.

Francis had refrained from publicly raising the crisis or using the word Rohingya while in Myanmar out of diplomatic deference to his hosts.

Human rights organisations and Rohingya themselves had voiced disappointment at Francis' public silence, given he had previously denounced the persecution of “our Rohingya brothers and sisters” at the Vatican.

The Vatican defended it as diplomatically necessary, and stressed that his silence in public didn't negate what he had said in the past, or what he was saying in private.

Prior to the pope's comments, the Rohingya who had travelled from Cox's Bazar urged him to recognise their identity publicly.

“He is the leader of the world. He should say the word as we are Rohingya,” said Mohammed Ayub, 32, whose 3-year-old son was killed by the Myanmar military.

Abdul Fyez, 35, whose brother was killed, agreed Francis should acknowledge them. “We have been Rohingya for generations, my father and my grandfather.”

Francis' encounter with the refugees was the highlight of his day that began with a Mass to ordain 16 new priests.

Bangladesh's tiny Catholic community represents a fraction of 1 per cent of the majority Muslim population of 160 million.

Despite its small size, the Catholic Church runs a network of schools, orphanages and clinics and has enjoyed relative freedom in its work, though Christian missionaries say they have received letters threatening dire consequences if they continue to spread Christianity.

In his homily ordaining 16 new priests, Francis thanked those who came out for the Mass, noting that some people had travelled two days to attend.

“Thank you for your generosity,” Francis said. “This indicates the love that you have for the church.”