FOLLOWING a controversial first repatriation phase involving ‘illegal’ Afghan refugees last November, the government has initiated a second phase, this time aimed at 880,000 documented Afghans in Pakistan. While there is no official word on how many Afghans have willingly or unwillingly made their way back to Afghanistan thus far, officials privy to the information have indicated the figure to be around 500,000. The current initiative — also part of the prime minister’s 100-day working plan — involves the meticulous mapping and data collection of Afghan Citizen Card holders by authorities across the country. This preparatory work, for a repatriation campaign anticipated to begin in early to mid-summer, is critical for an orderly and humane return process for these documented refugees. The first repatriation drive was marred by abruptness and a lack of sensitivity towards the plight of the Afghan people, who were compelled to return to a homeland grappling with instability and economic challenges — and matters haven’t changed since. The urgency with which these repatriations were carried out not only put immense pressure on the returnees but also strained the already delicate Pak-Afghan ties. Furthermore, the approach raised serious humanitarian concerns, including the principle of non-refoulement, which prohibits the return of refugees to places where they face serious threats to their life or freedom.

It is imperative that this time around, the government show more compassion. The repatriation should be voluntary, and the dignity of individuals seeking refuge here respected. The government must engage directly with the Afghan community, ensuring that their concerns are adequately addressed. Moreover, this new process should not be rushed. The documented Afghans, many of whom have lived in Pakistan for years, if not decades, have lives and communities here. Forcing them to leave without consideration for their well-being would not only be a disservice to them but could also have destabilising effects on both sides of the border. The Afghan Taliban’s recent call for leniency towards refugees from Pakistan signals a potential for dialogue, which Islamabad should leverage to ensure repatriation is conducted in a manner that respects human rights and international law. This collaborative approach, coupled with support from international bodies such as UNHCR, can facilitate a process that is dignified and orderly. Pakistan’s effort to manage its refugee population must balance security concerns with humanity.

Published in Dawn, March 26th, 2024