Higher living costs and political uncertainty have muted Pakistan’s once boisterous election campaigns, with both candidates and those who supply them with materials bemoaning the need to do more with much less, Reuters reports.

“There was a lot of activity in previous elections and our business boomed, but in this election, our business has been reduced to half compared to the last one,” said Jawad Jiwani, who sells party flags in the commercial hub Karachi.

Candidates are hosting fewer outdoor gatherings for supporters and the trucks that usually drive up and down the streets, festooned with campaign posters and blaring music and slogans, are also noticeably quieter.

Syed Arsalan Haider, a Karachi printer, said the cost of a square foot of banner was up by 130 per cent since the last election. Lahore printer Abdul Aziz said the cost of printing stickers had risen by almost 70pc and posters by nearly 90pc.

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