SKOPJE: Bitter exchanges between Macedonia’s government and the opposition, including wiretapping and claims of million-euro bribes, have pushed the Balkan state into a deep crisis that could further hamper its already stalled bid for EU membership.

Since the beginning of the year, conservative Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski’s government and the centre-left opposition have communicated only through public exchanges of accusations.

The crisis has not only undermined Macedonia’s already weak institutions, but it also sparked concerns in the 28-nation European Union, which it is seeking to join.

“It is a dangerous political game that causes disastrous collateral damage. The already fragile institutions are further weakened and passions ignite,” said political analyst Biljana Vankovska.

As soon as the crisis started Brussels voiced alarm over the “deterioration of political dialogue” in the former Yugoslav republic and called for a thorough investigation.

In January, the government filed a complaint against opposition leader Zoran Zaev and several other people for espionage and violence against officials.

Zaev rejected the allegations and in turn accused the government of wiretapping at least 20,000 people, including politicians, journalists and religious leaders. On Thursday, he also accused Gruevski of accepting a 20-million-euro ($22-million) bribe from Chinese firms to grant them concessions to build motorways.

Zaev heads the centre-left opposition Social Democrats (SDSM), which have been boycotting parliament for almost a year, alleging electoral fraud in April 2014 polls.

He has called on the prime minister to resign, form an interim government and organise “fair and democratic” early elections.

The country has been governed in a delicate power-sharing deal between Macedonians and ethnic Albanians since the end of a seven-month conflict in 2001 between the country’s armed forces and ethnic Albanian rebels.

Ethnic Albanians make up around one quarter of Macedonia’s population of 2.1 million. Gruevski’s VMRO-DPMNE has ruled in coalition with the country’s main ethnic Albanian party since 2006.

The government is now facing mounting obstacles in its attempts to join both the EU and Nato.

Macedonia obtained EU candidate status in 2005, but is yet to begin accession talks, partly due to opposition from Greece. Athens denies its neighbour the right to use the name of Macedonia, arguing that it implies a claim on the northern Greek region of the same name.

Macedonia is also tormented by economic hardship with unemployment reaching 28 per cent. In a sign of the febrile political atmosphere, Gruevski even warned that the opposition might make moves that could provoke “possible inter-ethnic destabilisation” between Macedonians and ethnic Albanians.

“The situation is very serious ... it is of the utmost importance that EU accession talks be opened as soon as possible,” Ivo Vajgl, a European Parliament rapporteur for Macedonia, told reporters recently.

EU mediation needed

“The rule of conservatives showed that the elites still lack political culture and that basic principles of democracy were violated [and] an authoritarian populist system was introduced,” warned political analyst Nano Ruzin. Meanwhile, faced with a loss of support, Zaev has been desperately trying to seize the initiative.

“The opposition is looking for a life jacket, a way to destabilise the government or to attract the attention of the international community which does not seem interested in the situation in the country,” Ruzin said.

Some analysts criticise Brussels’ policy towards Skopje and the stalling of accession talks.

The EU has “complicated things” by failing to grant a date for the accession talks to start, said political analyst Aleksandar Dastevski.

Ruzin echoed that view and said the international community seemed to be interested only in the “security aspect and the situation regarding ethnic relations in the country, while neglecting the political aspect”. Most analysts believe that it would not be possible to resolve the crisis without help of the international community.

Representatives of the rulers and the opposition were to hold EU-mediated talks on Monday at the European Parliament aimed at overcoming the crisis.—AFP

Published in Dawn, March 31st, 2015

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