APART from Gwadar port and Reko Diq copper and gold project, Balochistan is believed to have vast mineral reserves, including the Lasbela-Khuzdar belt. Pakistan seems ready to integrate into the global minerals economy through initiatives like the Pakistan Minerals Investment Forum 2025 (PMIF25) and the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC).

The minerals in Balochistan, along with its deep seaport, may well lead to national economic development. However, this cannot be achieved without addressing local concerns and historical grievances. There is a dire need to address the local people’s reservations so that they may view development projects as inclusive, not exploitative.

The strategic value of the region has generated interests of both the United States and China which are engaged in a multifaceted economic race. Some analysts believe that Pakistan is re-positioning itself as a new geo-economic partner. Some believe that competition in the resource-rich region can lead to militarisation and increased tensions. The good thing is that Pakistan’s National Security Policy (NSP) is the perfect answer to such apprehensions. The policy talks of economic security leading to traditional and human security, which, in turn, strengthens economic security. It talks of economic future secured through sustainable growth, inclusive development and due financial solvency.

Creating a strategic balance in the region could empower Pakistan while diminishing the chances of any potential monopoly of either of the two great powers. This would rightly align with the foreign policy in a changing world, for the NSP has placed emphasis on extensive rela- tionships between great powers based on common strategic and economic interests.

Other than China and the US, Pakistan can surely have bilateral agreements with multiple countries as well. For example, the European Union is looking for more autonomy and investments in the global mineral supply chain under the Critical Raw Materials Act 2024. Besides, Pakistan and Australia have recently discussed the possibility of an intergovernmental agreement (IGA) for structured, long-term cooperation in Pakistan’s critical mining and mineral sector.

All that we need to have is an inclusive development. This could be easily ensured by putting in place transparent frame- works, proper local employment quotas and community-focused plans.

The NSP has taken into consideration issues of socioeconomic and geographic disparities between developed and under-developed regions within the country, which is a significant element to bear in mind.

Muzna Baig
Rawalpindi

Published in Dawn, February 3rd, 2026