RIO DE JANEIRO: G20 finance ministers are expected to take a first step towards international cooperation on taxing the super-rich on Friday, with a deal in Brazil likely to call for individual nations to strengthen their own measures, rather than delivering a set of unified regulations.

On Friday, ministers dis­cussed financing the climate transition and debt, but the two-day mee­ting in Rio de Janeiro has been dominated by talks on how to stop billionaires from dodging taxes.

The discussions will form the basis of talks during a G20 summit on November 18 and 19.

While Lula was hoping for a minimum tax on the moneyed elite, a compromise is likely to be a call for countries to strengthen their own taxation measures, rather than an international agreement.

The United States and Germany both dismissed the need for a global deal on taxing billionaires, which is backed by France, Spain, South Africa, Colombia and the African Union.

Brazil’s Economy Minister Fernando Haddad expressed his confidence in the initiative, and said a final “declaration” to be published on Friday would mark a “first step.” This communique will take up the “Brazilian proposal to start looking at international taxation, not only from the point of view of companies, but also from the point of view of individuals called the super-rich.”

According to a draft of the declaration, G20 members would “seek to eng­age cooperatively to ens­ure that ultra-high-net-worth individuals are eff­ectively taxed.” “Wealth and income inequalities are undermining economic growth and social cohesion and aggravating social vulnerabilities,” reads the text of the draft.

It added that international cooperation could help promote “fair, and progressive tax policies” without mentioning any taxes negotiated at the international level.

French economist Gabriel Zucman, who authored a report on taxing the rich, welcomed the fact that “for the first time in history, there is now a consensus among G20 countries that the way we tax the super-rich must be fixed.”

“Now it is time to go further,” said Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz on Friday, urging heads of state to coordinate minimum standards by November.

“The climate crisis is expected to cost trillions of dollars every year and it is outrageous to expect that the regular taxpayer should pay for it, while the super-rich evade taxes,” said Camila Jardim of Greenpeace Brazil.

‘Climate partnership’

On the sidelines of the thorny tax discussions US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and Brazilian Economy Minister Haddad announced on Friday the signing of a partnership on climate protection.

Founded in 1999, the organisation was originally focused on global economic issues but has increasingly taken on other pressing challenges — even though member states do not always agree on what should be on the agenda.

Divisions within the G20, of which Russia is also a member, have made drafting a joint communique at the outcome of meetings a challenge. The last meeting of finance ministers in Sao Paulo failed to issue such a statement.

Brazil hopes to publish three texts after the meeting, said Tatiana Rosito, a senior official at the country’s economy ministry.

Aside from a joint final communique, this would include a document on “international cooperation in tax matters” and a separate communique from Brazil on geopolitical crises.

Published in Dawn, July 27th, 2024