Al Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahri appeared in a new video marking the 20th anniversary of the September 11, 2001, attacks, months after rumours spread that he was dead.

The SITE Intelligence Group that monitors jihadist websites said the video was released on Saturday. In it, al-Zawahri said that “Jerusalem Will Never be Judaised,” and praised Al Qaeda attacks including one that targeted Russian troops in Syria in January.

SITE said al-Zawahri also noted the US military’s withdrawal from Afghanistan after 20 years of war. It added that his comments do not necessarily indicate a recent recording, as the withdrawal agreement with the Taliban was signed in February 2020.

Al-Zawahri made no mention of the Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan and the capital Kabul last month, SITE added. But he did mention a Jan 1 attack that targeted Russian troops on the edge of the northern Syrian city of Raqqa.

Rumours have spread since late 2020 that al-Zawahri had died from an illness. Since then, no video or proof of life surfaced, until Saturday.

“He could still be dead, though if so, it would have been at some point in or after Jan 2021,” tweeted Rita Katz, SITE’s director.

Al-Zawahri’s speech was recorded in a 61-minute, 37-second video produced by the group’s As-Sahab Media Foundation.

In recent years, Al Qaeda has faced competition in jihadi circles from its rival, the militant Islamic State (IS) group. IS rose to prominence by seizing large swathes of Iraq and Syria in 2014, declaring a 'caliphate' and extending affiliates to multiple countries across the region.

IS’s physical 'caliphate' was crushed in Iraq and Syria, though its militants are still active and carrying out attacks. Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the shadowy leader of IS was killed by US special forces in a raid in northwestern Syria in October 2019.

Al-Zawahri, an Egyptian, became leader of Al Qaeda following the 2011 killing of Osama bin Laden in Abbottabad by US Navy SEALs.