CHICAGO: Children born during China’s 1959-61 famine were twice as likely to develop schizophrenia, confirming a link between nutritional deficiency and the mental illness, researchers said on Tuesday. Schizophrenia afflicts roughly one per cent of the global population and tends to run in families, but the incidence of the illness has been found to have doubled during famines in China and the Netherlands.

The Chinese findings mirrored those from an earlier study of schizophrenia rates among people born in the Netherlands during the “Dutch Hunger Winter” of 1944-45. Researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association, examined records from around the city of Wuhu in Anhui Province, where the famine was acute and people starved to death in large numbers.

Out of more than 600,000 births during the period studied there were 4,600 schizophrenia cases. During the famine years, the birth rate declined 80 per cent and the percentage of children who went on to develop schizophrenia rose from less than 1 percent to as high as 2.2 per cent.

Study author Dr David St. Clair wrote that “extreme stress” on prenatal development such as from a famine results in schizophrenia among those genetically predisposed to the illness. He cited a theory that the normally tightly regulated development of the brain can be disrupted by a nutritional deficiency.

Schizophrenia usually manifests itself in late adolescence or early adulthood and is present in all societies and racial groups, as reflected in the similar outcomes of the Chinese and Dutch famines, St. Clair wrote. —Reuters