KARACHI faces many challenges, but now one more challenge has been added to the mix: climate change.

As we know, humans are largely responsible for climate change due to increased levels of carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels. However, if we do not take actions now to address climate change and promote environmentally sustainable lifestyles, our future generations will find this city a much less hospitable place to live in.

There are numerous small steps we can take which can help the environment, help deal with the effects of climate change and make the city a generally better place to live in.

First, we should try to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide. This can be supplemented by growing more trees in the city. Greenery of course helps remove carbon dioxide from the air.

We can also switch to energy-saving bulbs at home or work. They use much less electricity than regular bulbs and give the same light. We can also take measures such as switching off electrical appliances (TV, computer, laptops) from the source when we do not need them. In fact, there are power strips that glow to show you how much power is going through them unnecessarily. These strips can be controlled from our computers and iPhones.

We also need to be clever while using air conditioners. Turn up the thermostat on the air conditioner. Try to use fans in summer and wear warmer clothes indoors in winter. Saving energy is not only good for the city, it reduces electricity bills significantly.

Make a habit of walking instead of taking the car for nearby locations. Carpool whenever possible to reduce the number of cars on the road; this will not only reduce the fuel costs but also help in reducing pollution.

We also need to be aware of how much water we are using. It takes a lot of energy to pump water to your home, particularly in Karachi. A leaky toilet can waste many gallons a day, so taking small measures like fixing leaks or not keeping the water running while you shave, bathe or brush your teeth can conserve a lot of energy. For people who use water tankers, it can save money.

Develop your habits to reuse and recycle everything. Try to use reusable grocery bags while shopping. Try to avoid using paper cups and paper plates. Plastic water bottles are an environmental disaster hence should be avoided as much as possible.

These are indeed small acts, but by making these part of our daily routine we can all contribute and make a real difference. We need to spread the word particularly in our city, where people remain largely uninformed about climate change and environmental degradation. Our public institutions can help in this regard by running publicity campaigns.

Most of these solutions are convenient and easy to incorporate into daily routines. Educational institutions can play their role by educating students about such core issues because climate change affects everyone. These steps can be incorporated in the school curriculum so that students form their habits right from scho-ol life. These habits will hopefully stay with them throughout their lifetime.

Published in Dawn, October 9th, 2014