PINGGU (China) A district near Beijing has become one of the world's centres of violin production in just 20 years - an industry that is aiming to look upwards and inwards amid growing domestic demand.

Geng Guosheng opened a small workshop here in Pinggu at the beginning of the 1990s, and he now employs around 20 people - a number that fluctuates as orders come and go.

“Before making violins we were peasants, but this has allowed us to increase our income,” the 47-year-old said.

His mid-range instruments are exported to countries including the United States, Japan, Germany and Switzerland.

The violin only has a very recent history in China. Mao Zedong, the founder of communist China, considered it a revolutionary instrument and workshops sprung up around the nation during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976).

But they produced poor-quality instruments - good for expressing socialist fervour through music, but less suitable for playing melodious tunes.

When China opened to the outside world in the 1980s, it became clear that these violins could never be exported.

So China quickly learned the tricks of the trade, as it did in other commercially viable areas, and became “the world's lutherie” - referring to stringed musical instruments - for mid-range violins costing less than 1,000 dollars each for students.

Several hundred enterprises, located mainly in Pinggu and in the eastern province of Jiangsu, now churn out more than a million instruments every year, according to Zheng Quan, a 59-year-old lutherie expert trained in Italy.

These account for nearly 70 per cent of the world market, according to Zheng.

“Most distributors and users consider the Chinese violin good value for money,” said Zheng, who founded the school of lutherie at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing at the end of the 1980s.

“One of the main problems that Chinese manufacturers have is that they do not have their own brand. Some distributors buy their products and then put their own brands on them,” he said.—AFP