LAGOS: A peace deal signed by the largest rebel faction in Darfur and the Sudanese government will not end the three-year-old conflict, but could bring more protection for millions of refugees. The refusal of two rebel factions to join in the agreement on Friday, which marked the end of two years of talks in the Nigerian capital, illustrates that divisions between rival ethnic groups in Darfur have not been addressed.
Many analysts doubt the sincerity of the government, which holds the key to implementing the deal, because Khartoum has undermined so many agreements in the past.
“The government would make a mistake if they think that signing with one party will make peace,” Hassan Abdallah Ahmed, deputy leader of Islamist opposition Popular Congress Party, told Reuters.
A faction of the rebel Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) led by Minni Arcua Minnawi signed the peace deal with Khartoum under intense pressure from Western powers, who are exasperated by their impotence in the face of an onslaught on Darfur by government-backed militia that Washington called genocide.
Some commanders from a different SLA faction also signed, but rival factional leader Abdel Wahed Mohammed al-Nur and another rebel group, Justice and Equality Movement, refused.
“Signing an incomplete deal guarantees that there will be no peace in Darfur and that suits the government,” said John Prendergast, senior adviser to the International Crisis Group.
“I am sure the government will look to exploit divisions in the rebels to fuel fighting in Darfur. They are not interested in peace, only deflecting international criticism and pressure.”
Rebels took up arms against government-backed Arab militias in 2003 over what they saw as neglect and oppression by the central government.
The camel-riding Janjaweed militias embarked on a campaign of arson, looting and rape which drove 2 million people into refugee camps, and tens of thousands died.
“The Darfur conflict will not be resolved until there is a dialogue between all the ethnic groups in Darfur,” said an analyst in Khartoum, asking not to be named.
“There is a real problem between nomads and urban groups,” he said, adding that neighbouring Eritrea and Chad were also fuelling the war.—Reuters
