Greenland

Located between the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, Greenland is the world's largest island with an area of 2,175,600 square kilometres. It has a coastline of 44,087 kilometres and is also one of the least populated places on Earth with a population of 57,600. The climate of Greenland is arctic to sub-arctic. Due to this winters are extreme with temperatures dropping down to -40 degrees Celsius. Due to its extremely cold climate, vegetation is rarely seen on this island. The highest point of Greenland is a mountain called Mount Gunnbjorn, measuring nearly 12,139 feet. Greenland's natural resources include lead, coal, zinc, iron ores, platinum, gold and uranium.

Throughout the year, Greenland is covered with an ice-sheet, which measures 2,400 kilometres in length, 1,100 kilometres in width and is nearly three kilometres thick. It covers almost 80 per cent of Greenland. After the Arctic ice-sheet, the Greenland ice-sheet is the largest in terms of area.

New Guinea

The second largest island of the world is New Guinea. It has an area of 800,311 square kilometres and is situated in the Pacific Ocean, north of Australia. In the eastern part of New Guinea there is a country called Papua New Guinea and in the western part there are the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua. Papua New Guinea has an assorted culture with more than 800 languages being spoken there.

The highest point in the Island of New Guinea is Puncak Jaya, also called Mount Carstensz, which is 16,024 feet in height. It is the highest mountain in Indonesia and also the highest island peak in the world. New Guinea has a large trail of extensive wetlands, mangrove forests, rainforests and savannah grasslands. It is also famous for its river ecosystems, alpine tundra, lakes and coral reefs. The major rivers of the island are the Mamberamo, the Sepik and Digul.

Borneo

Borneo is the world's third largest island. The independent country of Brunei lies in the north of Borneo, while the rest of Borneo is shared by provinces of Indonesia and Malaysia. With an area of 744,108 square kilometres, Borneo is characterised by its rainforests, tribes, clans and exotic species still unknown to the modern world.

Borneo has the Java Sea and Karimata Strait to the south, Celebes Sea and Makassar Sea to the east, Sulu Sea to the northeast and South China Sea to the north and northwest. The highest point in Borneo is Mount Kinabalu, located in Sabah, Malaysia, measuring 13,440 feet in height. The longest river of Borneo is the Kapuas River, which is nearly 1,143 kilometres in length.

Borneo has very diversified and rich life forms, with nearly 15,000 species of flowering plants, 3,000 species of trees, nearly 220 species of terrestrial mammals and over 400 species of birds. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) stated that since 1996, they discovered 361 species of new animals and plants in Borneo, giving this island an incomparable level of biodiversity.