Indian newspapers were outraged by reviews in the United States and Britain of Joseph Lelyveld's biography that focused on Gandhi's relationship with German-Jewish architect and amateur bodybuilder Hermann Kallenbach.

Gandhi lived with Kallenbach in Johannesburg for about two years from 1907 before leaving South Africa to return to India in 1914.

"How completely you have taken possession of my body,"Gandhi was quoted as saying in a letter to Kallenbach. "This is slavery with a vengeance."

The British Daily Mail ran the headline "Gandhi left his wife to live with a male lover, new book claims," while the Daily Telegraph review said he had "held racist views against South African blacks." But Lelyveld, a former executive editor of the New York Times, said that 'Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi And His Struggle With India' had been grossly distorted by the press coverage.

"I do not allege that Gandhi is racist or bisexual," he said in a statement issued through his publisher Alfred A. Knopf. "The word 'bisexual' nowhere appears in the book. The word 'racist' is used once to characterise comments by Gandhi early in his stay in South Africa... the chapter in no way concludes that he was a racist or offers any suggestion of it."

The Wall Street Journal said Lelyveld's book depicted Gandhi -- who is revered as the father of independent India and an icon of non-violent protest -- as "a sexual weirdo, a political incompetent and a fanatical faddist." "Mr Lelyveld makes abundantly clear... the love of his life was a German-Jewish architect and bodybuilder, Hermann Kallenbach," the Journal review said.

It quoted a letter Gandhi wrote to Kallenbach saying "your portrait (the only one) stands on my mantelpiece in my bedroom." The book also details how Gandhi said cotton wool and Vaseline were "a constant reminder" of Kallenbach -- a reference the author believes might relate to enemas that Gandhi gave himself.

Gandhi experts and his relatives in India, where the book has not yet been released, attacked the accusations about Gandhi's love life.

"These western writers have a morbid fascination for Gandhi's sexuality," his great-grandson Tushar Gandhi told the Delhi-based Mail Today. "It only helps them sell their books. It is always open season with Gandhi."

Jad Adams, who wrote a book last year that itself caused a storm for examining how Gandhi bathed with nubile young women and often shared a bed with one or more of his female followers, rejected any suggestion that Gandhi was gay.

"If Gandhi committed acts of homosexuality, there would be ample evidence, either justifying them or expressing shame,” he said, adding Gandhi used the word "love" often in letters and speech.

Adams said that he believed Kallenbach was homosexual and strongly attracted to Gandhi, but that the future independence leader, who had four children with his wife Kasturba, did not reciprocate.

Tara Bhattacharjee, Gandhi's granddaughter and chair of the Kasturba Gandhi National Memorial Trust, said any attempt "to discredit the man who gave us the gift of non-violence because of his friendships is just small-minded."

The book will go on sale in the United States on Tuesday. Bookshops in India said they did not know whether the book would be made available for sale in the country.