DAWN.COM

Today's Paper | March 15, 2026

Published 06 Feb, 2024 05:30pm

How do national elections in Pakistan work?

Pakistan goes to the polls on Thursday in a widely watched national election that will lead to the formation of a new government to lead the crisis-ridden country for the next five years.

Here are some facts about how the electoral system works in Pakistan:

Pakistan is a parliamentary democracy and voting will take place for seats in the federal legislature, called the National Assembly, and four provincial legislatures.

  • 128 million Pakistanis out of a population of 241m are eligible to vote — all those above 18.
  • On election day, voters will cast their ballots for two legislators to represent their constituency — one federally and the other provincially.
  • There are 5,121 candidates contesting for the federal legislature and 12,695 for the provinces.
  • The National Assembly consists of 336 seats - 266 are decided through direct voting on polling day, while 70 reserved seats — 60 for women and 10 for non-Muslims — are allotted according to the strength of each party in the house.
  • Victorious candidates become members of the National Assembly. Independent candidates have the option to join any party after the elections.
  • Once constituted, the NA holds a parliamentary vote to select a leader of the house, who becomes the premier.
  • A successful candidate must show a simple majority in the house — that is, the support of at least 169 members.
  • Once a prime ministerial candidate wins the vote in the NA, they are sworn in as prime minister.
  • The new prime minister picks cabinet ministers, who form the federal government.
  • A similar process is followed at the provincial level to pick a chief minister and a provincial government.
Read Comments

Sindh announces public holiday on March 13 Next Story