IN recent years, an increasing number of Pakistani scholars have pursued higher education in China, attracted by affordable tuition, scholarship opportunities, and the growing reputation of Chinese uni-versities.

However, a troubling pattern has emerged: individuals returning to Pakistan with PhD ‘certificates’ instead of PhD degrees are successfully obtaining equivalence from the Higher Education Commission (HEC), despite not meeting the academic criteria for a valid doctoral degree.

This issue came to light in the case of a teacher who presented credentials from the Ocean University of China. A thorough review revealed that while the teacher was issued a graduation certificate confirming completion of doctoral coursework, the person concerned did not possess the required degree certificate, which is essential for formal recognition as a PhD holder under Chinese academic regulations.

In the Chinese education system, the issuance of a graduation certificate signifies that a student has completed the academic programme requirements. However, a degree is awarded only after successful completion of all academic standards, including passing a rigorous dissertation defence.

This bifurcation ensures that only individuals who meet the highest academic benchmarks are conferred a PhD. Without the degree certificate, the individual cannot be officially recognised as a PhD holder.

Despite the clear distinction, some individuals exploit the procedural gaps in Pakistan’s equivalence evaluation process. Alarmingly, in some cases, the HEC has granted equivalence without thoroughly verifying the legitimacy of the credentials presented.

The HEC, as the custodian of academic integrity in Pakistan, must ensure that verification protocols are strengthened. It should utilise platforms, such as the China Higher Education Student Information and Career Centre and university-specific portals to verify the authenticity of all submitted documents.

By addressing the current procedural gaps and flaws, Pakistan can ensure that its academia remains a beacon of excellence and integrity, safeguarding the value of higher education for future generations.

Dr Ibrahim Noorani
Karachi

Published in Dawn, February 13th, 2025