AMONGST the many public health challenges confronting Pakistan, diabetes arguably does not get the attention it deserves. This is despite the fact that the country has one of the highest number of diabetes patients in the world — between 33m and 36m people, or a quarter of the adult population. Experts feel this number may double by 2045 if things continue as they are. It is a fact that diabetes has exploded worldwide, with low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan particularly affected. Poverty and poor health infrastructure in such countries makes treatment more difficult. Doctors point to several factors fuelling the diabetes epidemic, such as poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, stress, growing obesity, etc. It is also true that diabetes patients have an increased chance of developing comorbidities, such as hypertension and heart disease, while some studies suggest that almost 50pc of diabetics may be suffering from anxiety and depression.

While treatment is possible, since diabetes is a ‘lifestyle disease’, the focus should be on prevention. Healthier lifestyles and eating habits may slow down the explosive growth of this ailment in the country. The state needs to lead public awareness campaigns regarding diabetes just as it does other ailments. Awareness and screening camps can be set up on World Diabetes Day and other such occasions in public places by state health authorities and NGOs so that people are informed about the lifestyle changes that can prevent the disease. Physical activities should also be encouraged particularly among women and children, while safe spaces such as parks are required, especially in urban areas, where people can exercise and play sports. Moreover, nutritional experts should record public service messages in local languages that can guide people to limit the intake of high-sugar and processed foods and opt for healthier meals. Pretending that the diabetes epidemic does not exist will not help; firm steps are required to address the challenge.

Published in Dawn, November 15th, 2024