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I-Terms
INTERNET ADDRESS: It uniquely identifies a node on the internet. internet address may also refer to the name or IP of a website (URL). The term internet address can also represent someone’s e-mail address.
PictBridge: A technology that lets you print directly from your digital camera to the printer without using a computer to handle the data transfer in between. Some manufacturers offer direct printing for their own proprietary devices, but PictBridge is an industry standard rather than proprietary technology. This means that you can connect one manufacturer’s camera to another manufacturer’s printer for direct printing if they both support PictBridge. It has compatible devices which offer camera-to-printer connecting, single-image printing, and uniform error messages.
Green PC: This is an especially designed PC to minimize power consumption. Green PCs draw less power than normal PCs and support sleep modes, in which the computer powers down all unnecessary components when it is inactive.
Breadcrumb trail: On a website, a breadcrumb trail is a navigation tool that allows a user to see where the current page is in relation to the website’s hierarchy. The term comes from the story of Hansel and Gretel, who left a trail of breadcrumbs as they walked through the forest so they could trace their way back home.
Atomic clock: This is the most accurate type of time piece in the world, designed to measure time according to vibrations within atoms. Atomic clocks are used to coordinate systems that require extreme precision, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation and the internet. Like a regular clock, an atomic clock keeps time according to oscillation, which is a periodic variation or movement between two entities or between two states of a single entity, created by changes in energy.
B-channel: Short for “Bearer channel” it carries the main data in the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). In ISDN, there are two levels of service — Basic Rate Interface, intended for home and small enterprises and Primary Rate Interface for larger users. Both r include a number of B-channels that carry data, voice, and other services.
IDN: Short for Internal Data Network, IDN is the terminology used by many companies and organizations when referring to their their private corporate network.
Clock gating: This is one of the power-saving techniques used on the Pentium 4 processor. To save power, clock gating refers to activating the clocks in a logic block only when there is work to be done. From the earliest days of the Pentium 4 processor design, power consumption was a concern. The clock gating concept isn’t a new one — however, the Pentium 4 processor used this technology to a large extent. Every unit on the chip has a power reduction plan, and almost every Functional Unit Block (FUB) contains clock gating logic.
Pulsing zombie: A form of DoS attack known as a degradation-of-service attack, as opposed to a denial-of-service attack. Unlike a regular zombie that paralyzes a system by inundating it with a steady stream of attack traffic, the pulsing zombie attacks with irregular small bursts of attack traffic from multiple sources on a single target over an extended period of time. Pulsing zombie attacks are more difficult to detect and trace because since they are slow and gradual they do not immediately appear as malicious.
Expanded memory: Also known as EMS (Expanded Memory Specification), expanded memory is a technique for using more than 1MB of main memory in DOS-based computers. This limit is built into the DOS operating system. The upper 384K is reserved for special purposes, leaving just 640K of conventional memory for programs. There are several versions of EMS. The original versions, called EMS 3.0 and 3.2, enable programs to use an additional 8MB of memory. The most recent version of EMS is known as EMS 4.0 or LIM 4.0. EMS 4.0 raises the available amount of memory to 32MB. Until the release of Microsoft Windows, expanded memory was the preferred way to add memory to a PC.
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