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I-Terms
PACKET BUFFER: Memory space that is set aside specifically for either storing a packet that is awaiting transmission over a network or storing a packet that has been received over a network. The memory space is either located in the network interface card or in the computer that holds the card.
Paid inclusion: A search engine marketing model in which a web site pays a fee to a search engine that then guarantees that the web site will be displayed in the returned search results for specifically named search terms. For example, a web site that sells baseball trading cards can pay a search engine to ensure that its site is returned in the search results when a user searches on the phrase “vintage baseball cards.”
Paid inclusion, for some search engines, also means that the search engine’s spiders will crawl their sites more often than non-paid sites. Different search engines treat paid inclusion results differently; some indicate the paid inclusion results as advertisements while others display them as results alongside non-paid search results.
Telnet: A terminal emulation program for TCP/IP networks such as the Internet. The Telnet program runs on your computer and connects your PC to a server on the network. You can then enter commands through the Telnet program and they will be executed as if you were entering them directly on the server console. This enables you to control the server and communicate with other servers on the network. To start a Telnet session, you must log in to a server by entering a valid username and password. Telnet is a common way to remotely control web servers.
MAC address: Short for Media Access Control address, a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network. In IEEE 802 networks, the Data Link Control (DLC) layer of the OSI Reference Model is divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium. Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer.
On networks that do not conform to the IEEE 802 standards but do conform to the OSI Reference Model, the node address is called the Data Link Control (DLC) address.
IP address: An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.
The four numbers in an IP address are used in different ways to identify a particular network and a host on that network. Four regional Internet registries — ARIN, RIPE NCC, LACNIC and APNIC — assign internet addresses from the following three classes.
Class A: supports 16 million hosts on each of 126 networks; class B: supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks; class C: supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.
The number of unassigned internet addresses is running out, so a new classless scheme called CIDR is gradually replacing the system based on classes A, B, and C and is tied to adoption of IPv6.
Ultraportable: A class of laptop computer that is designed around its portability. Ultraportables typically weigh less than four pounds and, when closed, are 1.5” thin or thinner.
A common ultraportable also will have wireless networking capabilities, can have an internal optical drive, and capabilities to connect to an external storage device.
Since the devices are designed to be compact and easily portable, the keyboards tend to be smaller than those of a typical laptop and the batteries are designed to be small and lightweight, creating what some view as drawbacks to the ultraportables: uncomfortable ergonomic design and short battery life.
The IBM ThinkPad X40, Sony VAIO PCG-TR3A, HP Compaq NC4010 and the Gateway M200X are examples of ultraportable laptop computers.
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